Python defines a set of functions that are used to generate or manipulate random numbers. This particular type of functions are used in a lot of games, lotteries or any application requiring random number generation.
Randon Number Operations :
1. choice() :- This function is used to generate 1 random number from a container.
2. randrange(beg, end, step) :- This function is also used to generate random number but within a range specified in its arguments. This function takes 3 arguments, beginning number (included in generation), last number (excluded in generation) and step ( to skip numbers in range while selecting).
# Python code to demonstrate the working of # choice() and randrange() # importing "random" for random operations import random # using choice() to generate a random number from a # given list of numbers. print ("A random number from list is : ",end="") print (random.choice([1, 4, 8, 10, 3])) # using randrange() to generate in range from 20 # to 50. The last parameter 3 is step size to skip # three numbers when selecting. print ("A random number from range is : ",end="") print (random.randrange(20, 50, 3)) |
Output:
A random number from list is : 4 A random number from range is : 41
3. random() :- This number is used to generate a float random number less than 1 and greater or equal to 0.
4. seed() :- This function maps a particular random number with the seed argument mentioned. All random numbers called after the seeded value returns the mapped number.
# Python code to demonstrate the working of # random() and seed() # importing "random" for random operations import random # using random() to generate a random number # between 0 and 1 print ("A random number between 0 and 1 is : ", end="") print (random.random()) # using seed() to seed a random number random.seed(5) # printing mapped random number print ("The mapped random number with 5 is : ", end="") print (random.random()) # using seed() to seed different random number random.seed(7) # printing mapped random number print ("The mapped random number with 7 is : ", end="") print (random.random()) # using seed() to seed to 5 again random.seed(5) # printing mapped random number print ("The mapped random number with 5 is : ",end="") print (random.random()) # using seed() to seed to 7 again random.seed(7) # printing mapped random number print ("The mapped random number with 7 is : ",end="") print (random.random()) |
Output:
A random number between 0 and 1 is : 0.510721762520941 The mapped random number with 5 is : 0.6229016948897019 The mapped random number with 7 is : 0.32383276483316237 The mapped random number with 5 is : 0.6229016948897019 The mapped random number with 7 is : 0.32383276483316237
5. shuffle() :- This function is used to shuffle the entire list to randomly arrange them.
6. uniform(a, b) :- This function is used to generate a floating point random number between the numbers mentioned in its arguments. It takes two arguments, lower limit(included in generation) and upper limit(not included in generation).
# Python code to demonstrate the working of # shuffle() and uniform() # importing "random" for random operations import random # Initializing list li = [1, 4, 5, 10, 2] # Printing list before shuffling print ("The list before shuffling is : ", end="") for i in range(0, len(li)): print (li[i], end=" ") print("
") # using shuffle() to shuffle the list random.shuffle(li) # Printing list after shuffling print ("The list after shuffling is : ", end="") for i in range(0, len(li)): print (li[i], end=" ") print("
") # using uniform() to generate random floating number in range # prints number between 5 and 10 print ("The random floating point number between 5 and 10 is : ",end="") print (random.uniform(5,10)) |
Output:
The list before shuffling is : 1 4 5 10 2 The list after shuffling is : 2 1 4 5 10 The random floating point number between 5 and 10 is : 5.183697823553464
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