Variadic function templates in C++

Variadic templates are template that take a variable number of arguments. Variadic function templates are functions which can take multiple number of arguments.

Syntax for a variadic function template: :

template(typename arg, typename... args)
return_type function_name(arg var1, args... var2)

Note :, typename arg, typename... args must be
inside angular brackets. 

Below is an example in C++ to show how we can use variadic function template:

Output:

1
2
3.14
Pass me any number of arguments
I will print

I am empty function and I am called at last.

Remember that templates are replaced by actual functions by compiler.

The variadic templates work as follows :
The statement, print(1, 2, 3.14, “Pass me any number of arguments”, “I will print ”); is evaluated in following manner :
Firstly, the compiler resolves the statement into

cout<< 1 <<endl ;
print(2, 3.14, "Pass me any number of arguments", 
      "I will print
");

Now, the compiler finds a print() function which can take those arguments and in result executes the variadic print() funciton again in similar manner :

cout<< 2 <<endl ;
print(3.14, "Pass me any number of arguments", 
      "I will print
");

Again, it is resolved into the following forms :
(*)

cout<< 3.14 <<endl ;
print("Pass me any number of arguments", 
      "I will print
");

(*)

cout<< "Pass me any number of arguments" <<endl ;
print("I will print
");

(*)

cout<< "I will print
" <<endl ;
print();

Now, at this point the compiler searches for a function overload whose match is the empty function i.e. the function which has no argument.

This means that, all functions that have 1 or more arguments are matched to the variadic template and all functions that with no argument are matched to the empty function.

Reference :
http://www.cplusplus.com/articles/EhvU7k9E/

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