1. Set
(i) Stores the values in sorted order.
(ii) Stores only unique values.
(iii) Elements can only be inserted or deleted but cannot be modified.
(iv) We can erase more than 1 element by giving start iterator and end iterator position.
(v) Traversal using iterators.
(vi) Sets are implemented as Binary Search Tree.
// CPP program to demonstrate insert and // delete in set #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { // set declare set<int> s; // Elements added to set s.insert(12); s.insert(10); s.insert(2); s.insert(10); // duplicate added s.insert(90); s.insert(85); s.insert(45); // Iterator declared to traverse // set elements set<int>::iterator it, it1, it2; cout << "Set elements after sort and " "removing duplicates:
"; for (it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) cout << *it << ' '; cout << '
'; it1 = s.find(10); it2 = s.find(90); // elements from 10 to elements before // 90 erased s.erase(it1, it2); cout << "Set Elements after erase:
"; for (it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) cout << *it << ' '; return 0; } |
OUTPUT: Set elements after sort and removing duplicates: 2 10 12 45 85 90 Set Elements after erase: 2 90
2. Multiset
(i) Stores elements in sorted order.
(ii) It allows storage of multiple elements.
(iii) We can erase more than 1 element by giving start iterator and end iterator.
Note:- All other properties similar to set.
// CPP program to demonstrate insert and // delete in set #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { // multiset declare multiset<int> s; // Elements added to set s.insert(12); s.insert(10); s.insert(2); s.insert(10); // duplicate added s.insert(90); s.insert(85); s.insert(45); // Iterator declared to traverse // set elements multiset<int>::iterator it, it1, it2; cout << "Multiset elements after sort
"; for (it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) cout << *it << ' '; cout << '
'; it1 = s.find(10); it2 = s.find(90); // elements from 10 to elements before 90 // erased s.erase(it1, it2); cout << "Multiset Elements after erase:
"; for (it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) cout << *it << ' '; return 0; } |
OUTPUT: Multiset elements after sort 2 10 10 12 45 85 90 Multiset Elements after erase: 2 90
3. Unordered_set
(i) Elements can be stored in any order. ( no sorted order )
(ii) Stores only unique values.
(iii) Hash-table used to store elements.
(iv) We can erase only the element for which iterator position is given.
Note:- All other properties similar to set.
// CPP program to demonstrate insert and // delete in unordered_set #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { // unordered_set declare unordered_set<int> s; // Elements added to set s.insert(12); s.insert(10); s.insert(2); s.insert(10); // duplicate added s.insert(90); s.insert(85); s.insert(45); s.insert(12); s.insert(70); // Iterator declared to traverse // set elements unordered_set<int>::iterator it, it1; cout << "Unordered_set elements after sort:
"; for (it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) cout << *it << ' '; cout << '
'; it1 = s.find(10); // element 10 erased s.erase(it1); cout << "Unoredered_set Elements after erase:
"; for (it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) cout << *it << ' '; return 0; } |
OUTPUT: Unordered_set elements after sort: 70 85 45 12 10 2 90 Unoredered_set Elements after erase: 70 85 45 12 2 90
4. Unordered_multiset
(i) Elements can be stored in any order.
(ii) Duplicate elements can be stored.
(iii) Hash-table used to store elements.
(iv) We can erase only the element for which iterator position is given.
Note:- All other properties similar to set.
// CPP program to demonstrate insert and // delete in unordered_multiset #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { // unordered_multiset declare unordered_multiset<int> s; // Elements added to set s.insert(12); s.insert(10); s.insert(2); s.insert(10); // duplicate added s.insert(90); s.insert(85); s.insert(45); // Iterator declared to traverse // set elements unordered_multiset<int>::iterator it, it1; cout << "Unordered-Multiset elements after sort:
"; for (it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) cout << *it << ' '; cout << '
'; it1 = s.find(10); // element 10 trained s.erase(it1); cout << "Unordered-Multiset Elements after " "erase:
"; for (it = s.begin(); it != s.end(); it++) cout << *it << ' '; return 0; } |
OUTPUT: Unordered-Multiset elements after sort: 85 45 12 90 2 10 10 Unordered-Multiset Elements after erase: 85 45 12 90 2 10
Conclusion :
In simple words, set is a container that stores sorted and unique elements. If unordered is added means elements are not sorted. If multiset is added means duplicate elements storage is allowed.
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