Reversing a queue using recursion

Given a queue, write a recursive function to reverse it.
Standard operations allowed :
enqueue(x) : Add an item x to rear of queue.
dequeue() : Remove an item from front of queue.
empty() : Checks if a queue is empty or not.

Examples :

Input : Q = [5, 24, 9, 6, 8, 4, 1, 8, 3, 6]
Output : Q = [6, 3, 8, 1, 4, 8, 6, 9, 24, 5]

Explanation : Output queue is the reverse of the input queue.

Input : Q = [8, 7, 2, 5, 1]
Output : Q = [1, 5, 2, 7, 8]

Recursive Algorithm :
1) Pop element from the queue if the queue has elements otherwise return empty queue.
2) Call reverseQueue function for the remaining queue.
3) Push the popped element in the resultant reversed queue.

Pseudo Code :

queue reverseFunction(queue)
{
    if (queue is empty)
       return queue;
    else {
       data = queue.front()
       queue.pop()
       queue = reverseFunction(queue);
       q.push(data);
       return queue;
    }
}

C++

// C++ code for reversing a queue 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Utility function to print the queue 
void printQueue(queue<long long int> Queue) 
{ 
    while (!Queue.empty()) { 
        cout << Queue.front() << " "; 
        Queue.pop(); 
    } 
} 
  
// Recursive function to reverse the queue 
void reverseQueue(queue<long long int>& q) 
{ 
    // Base case 
    if (q.empty()) 
        return; 
  
    // Dequeue current item (from front)   
    long long int data = q.front(); 
    q.pop(); 
  
    // Reverse remaining queue   
    reverseQueue(q); 
  
    // Enqueue current item (to rear)   
    q.push(data); 
} 
  
// Driver code 
int main() 
{ 
    queue<long long int> Queue; 
    Queue.push(56); 
    Queue.push(27); 
    Queue.push(30); 
    Queue.push(45); 
    Queue.push(85); 
    Queue.push(92); 
    Queue.push(58); 
    Queue.push(80); 
    Queue.push(90); 
    Queue.push(100); 
    reverseQueue(Queue); 
    printQueue(Queue); 
} 

Java

// Java program to reverse a Queue by recursion 
import java.util.LinkedList; 
import java.util.Queue; 
import java.util.Stack; 
   
// Java program to reverse a queue recursively 
public class Queue_reverse { 
   
    static Queue<Integer> queue; 
   
    // Utility function to print the queue 
    static void Print() 
    { 
        while (!queue.isEmpty())  
        { 
            System.out.print(queue.peek() + " "); 
            queue.remove(); 
        } 
    } 
   
// Recurrsive function to reverse the queue 
static Queue<Integer> reverseQueue(Queue<Integer> q) 
{ 
    // Base case 
    if (q.isEmpty()) 
        return q; 
  
    // Dequeue current item (from front)   
    int data = q.peek(); 
    q.remove(); 
  
    // Reverse remaining queue   
    q = reverseQueue(q); 
  
    // Enqueue current item (to rear)   
    q.add(data); 
          
    return q; 
} 
   
// Driver code 
public static void main(String args[]) 
{ 
    queue = new LinkedList<Integer>(); 
    queue.add(56); 
    queue.add(27); 
    queue.add(30); 
    queue.add(45); 
    queue.add(85); 
    queue.add(92); 
    queue.add(58); 
    queue.add(80); 
    queue.add(90); 
    queue.add(100); 
    queue = reverseQueue(queue); 
    Print(); 
} 
} 

Python3

# Queue Class 
class Queue: 
    def __init__(self): 
        self.items = [] 
  
  
    def isEmpty(self): 
        return self.items == [] 
  
    def add(self, item): 
        self.items.append(item) 
  
    def pop(self): 
        return self.items.pop(0) 
  
    def front(self): 
        return self.items[0] 
  
    def printQueue(self): 
        for i in self.items: 
            print(i, end =" ") 
        print("") 
  
  
# Recursive Function to reverse the queue 
def reverseQueue(q): 
  
    # Base case 
    if (q.isEmpty()): 
        return
  
    # Dequeue current item (from front)  
    data = q.front(); 
    q.pop(); 
  
    # Reverse remaining queue   
    reverseQueue(q) 
  
    # Enqueue current item (to rear)   
    q.add(data) 
  
  
# Driver Code 
q = Queue() 
q.add(56) 
q.add(27) 
q.add(30) 
q.add(45) 
q.add(85) 
q.add(92) 
q.add(58) 
q.add(80) 
q.add(90) 
q.add(100) 
reverseQueue(q) 
q.printQueue() 

/div>

C#

// C# code for reversing a queue 
using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
  
class GFG 
{ 
    // Utility function  
    // to print the queue 
    static void printQueue(Queue<long> queue) 
    { 
        while (queue.Count != 0)  
        { 
            Console.Write(queue.Peek() + " "); 
            queue.Dequeue(); 
        } 
    } 
      
    // Recursive function  
    // to reverse the queue 
    static void reverseQueue(ref Queue<long> q) 
    { 
        // Base case 
        if (q.Count == 0) 
            return; 
      
        // Dequeue current  
        // item (from front)  
        long data = q.Peek(); 
        q.Dequeue(); 
      
        // Reverse remaining queue  
        reverseQueue(ref q); 
      
        // Enqueue current 
        // item (to rear)  
        q.Enqueue(data); 
    }      
      
    // Driver code 
    static void Main() 
    { 
        Queue<long> queue = new Queue<long>(); 
        queue.Enqueue(56); 
        queue.Enqueue(27); 
        queue.Enqueue(30); 
        queue.Enqueue(45); 
        queue.Enqueue(85); 
        queue.Enqueue(92); 
        queue.Enqueue(58); 
        queue.Enqueue(80); 
        queue.Enqueue(90); 
        queue.Enqueue(100); 
        reverseQueue(ref queue); 
        printQueue(queue); 
    } 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by  
// Manish Shaw(manishshaw1) 

Output:

100 90 80 58 92 85 45 30 27 56

Time Complexity : O(n).

Reversing a queue using recursion

C++

Java

Python3

C#

tags:

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