Program for subtraction of matrices

The below program subtracts of two square matrices of size 4*4, we can change N for different dimension.

C++

// C++ program for subtraction of matrices 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
#define N 4  
  
// This function subtracts B[][] from A[][], and stores  
// the result in C[][]  
void multiply(int A[][N], int B[][N], int C[][N])  
{  
    int i, j;  
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++)  
        for (j = 0; j < N; j++)  
            C[i][j] = A[i][j] - B[i][j];  
}  
  
// Driver code 
int main()  
{  
    int A[N][N] = { {1, 1, 1, 1},  
                    {2, 2, 2, 2},  
                    {3, 3, 3, 3},  
                    {4, 4, 4, 4}};  
  
    int B[N][N] = { {1, 1, 1, 1},  
                    {2, 2, 2, 2},  
                    {3, 3, 3, 3},  
                    {4, 4, 4, 4}};  
  
    int C[N][N]; // To store result  
    int i, j;  
    multiply(A, B, C);  
  
    cout << "Result matrix is " << endl;  
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++)  
    {  
        for (j = 0; j < N; j++)  
        cout << C[i][j] << " ";  
        cout << endl;  
    }  
  
    return 0;  
}  
  
// This code is contributed by rathbhupendra 

C

#include <stdio.h> 
#define N 4 
  
// This function subtracts B[][] from A[][], and stores 
// the result in C[][] 
void multiply(int A[][N], int B[][N], int C[][N]) 
{ 
    int i, j; 
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++) 
        for (j = 0; j < N; j++) 
            C[i][j] = A[i][j] - B[i][j]; 
} 
  
int main() 
{ 
    int A[N][N] = { {1, 1, 1, 1}, 
                    {2, 2, 2, 2}, 
                    {3, 3, 3, 3}, 
                    {4, 4, 4, 4}}; 
  
    int B[N][N] = { {1, 1, 1, 1}, 
                    {2, 2, 2, 2}, 
                    {3, 3, 3, 3}, 
                    {4, 4, 4, 4}}; 
  
    int C[N][N]; // To store result 
    int i, j; 
    multiply(A, B, C); 
  
    printf("Result matrix is
"); 
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++) 
    { 
        for (j = 0; j < N; j++) 
           printf("%d ", C[i][j]); 
        printf("
"); 
    } 
  
    return 0; 
} 

Java

// Java program for subtraction of matrices 
  
class GFG 
{ 
     static final int N=4; 
  
    // This function subtracts B[][]  
    // from A[][], and stores 
    // the result in C[][] 
    static void multiply(int A[][], int B[][], int C[][]) 
    { 
        int i, j; 
        for (i = 0; i < N; i++) 
            for (j = 0; j < N; j++) 
                C[i][j] = A[i][j] - B[i][j]; 
    } 
      
    // Driver code 
    public static void main (String[] args) 
    { 
        int A[][] = { {1, 1, 1, 1}, 
                        {2, 2, 2, 2}, 
                        {3, 3, 3, 3}, 
                        {4, 4, 4, 4}}; 
      
        int B[][] = { {1, 1, 1, 1}, 
                        {2, 2, 2, 2}, 
                        {3, 3, 3, 3}, 
                        {4, 4, 4, 4}}; 
                          
        // To store result 
        int C[][]=new int[N][N];  
  
        int i, j; 
        multiply(A, B, C); 
      
        System.out.print("Result matrix is
"); 
        for (i = 0; i < N; i++) 
        { 
            for (j = 0; j < N; j++) 
            System.out.print(C[i][j] + " "); 
            System.out.print("
"); 
        } 
    } 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by Anant Agarwal. 

Python3

# Python 3 program for subtraction  
# of matrices 
  
N = 4
  
# This function returns 1 
# if A[][] and B[][] are identical 
# otherwise returns 0 
def multiply(A, B, C): 
      
    for i in range(N): 
        for j in range(N): 
            C[i][j] = A[i][j] - B[i][j]  
  
# Driver Code 
A = [ [1, 1, 1, 1], 
      [2, 2, 2, 2], 
      [3, 3, 3, 3], 
      [4, 4, 4, 4]] 
  
B = [ [1, 1, 1, 1], 
      [2, 2, 2, 2], 
      [3, 3, 3, 3], 
      [4, 4, 4, 4]] 
                      
C = A[:][:] # To store result 
      
multiply(A, B, C) 
  
print("Result matrix is") 
for i in range(N): 
    for j in range(N): 
        print(C[i][j], " ", end = '') 
    print() 
      
# This code is contributed 
# by Anant Agarwal. 

C#

// C# program for subtraction of matrices  
using System; 
  
class GFG 
{ 
static int N = 4; 
  
// This function subtracts B[][]  
// from A[][], and stores  
// the result in C[][]  
public static void multiply(int[][] A,  
                            int[][] B,  
                            int[, ] C) 
{ 
    int i, j; 
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++) 
    { 
        for (j = 0; j < N; j++) 
        { 
            C[i, j] = A[i][j] - B[i][j]; 
        } 
    } 
} 
  
  
// Driver code  
public static void Main(string[] args) 
{ 
    int[][] A = new int[][] 
    { 
        new int[] {1, 1, 1, 1}, 
        new int[] {2, 2, 2, 2}, 
        new int[] {3, 3, 3, 3}, 
        new int[] {4, 4, 4, 4} 
    }; 
  
    int[][] B = new int[][] 
    { 
        new int[] {1, 1, 1, 1}, 
        new int[] {2, 2, 2, 2}, 
        new int[] {3, 3, 3, 3}, 
        new int[] {4, 4, 4, 4} 
    }; 
  
    // To store result  
  
    int[, ] C = new int[N, N]; 
  
    int i, j; 
    multiply(A, B, C); 
  
    Console.Write("Result matrix is
"); 
    for (i = 0; i < N; i++) 
    { 
        for (j = 0; j < N; j++) 
        { 
            Console.Write(C[i, j] + " "); 
        } 
        Console.Write("
"); 
    } 
} 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by Shrikant13 

/div>

PHP

<?php 
// This function subtracts B[][]  
// from A[][], and stores the  
// result in C[][] 
function multiply(&$A, &$B, &$C) 
{ 
    $N = 4; 
    for ($i = 0; $i < $N; $i++) 
        for ($j = 0; $j < $N; $j++) 
            $C[$i][$j] = $A[$i][$j] -  
                         $B[$i][$j]; 
} 
  
// Driver code 
$N = 4; 
$A = array(array(1, 1, 1, 1), 
           array(2, 2, 2, 2), 
           array(3, 3, 3, 3), 
           array(4, 4, 4, 4)); 
  
$B = array(array(1, 1, 1, 1), 
           array(2, 2, 2, 2), 
           array(3, 3, 3, 3), 
           array(4, 4, 4, 4)); 
  
multiply($A, $B, $C); 
  
echo "Result matrix is
"; 
for ($i = 0; $i < $N; $i++) 
{ 
    for ($j = 0; $j < $N; $j++) 
    { 
        echo $C[$i][$j]; 
        echo " "; 
    } 
        echo "
"; 
} 
  
// This code is contributed 
// by Shivi_Aggarwal 
?> 

Output:

Result matrix is
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0

The program can be extended for rectangular matrices. The following post can be useful for extending this program.

How to pass a 2D array as a parameter in C?

The time complexity of the above program is O(n²).

Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above

Program for subtraction of matrices

C++

C

Java

Python3

C#

PHP

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