Binary Search Trees (BST), sometimes called ordered or sorted binary trees, are a particular type of container: data structures that store "items" (such as numbers, names etc.) in memory. They allow fast lookup, addition and removal of items, and can be used to implement either dynamic sets of items, or lookup tables that allow finding an item by its key (e.g., finding the phone number of a person by name).

A BST is considered a data structure made up of nodes, like Linked Lists. These nodes are either null or have references (links) to other nodes. These ‘other’ nodes are child nodes, called a left node and right node. Nodes have values. These values determine where they are placed within the BST.

For a binary tree to be a binary search tree, the data of all the nodes in the left sub-tree of the root node should be ≤ the data of the root. The data of all the nodes in the right subtree of the root node should be > the data of the root.

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